The Third and Fourth Commandment

Third Commandment

"Remember to keep the Lord's Day."


The Lord's day is a day set aside to honor and reflect on God.We are to keep this day holy by acknowledging the primacy of our relationship with God.We worship God and recreate our proper relationship with God, with our family, others, and all creation. The Lord's Day is our priority and we make sure that no other demands prevent us from making the observance of the Lord's Day the center of our week.
For us Catholics, Sunday is observed as our Lord's Day. This day reminds us of Christ's Resurrection. On Sunday, Mass is held, which is the heart of the Church's celebration of the Lord's Day. We receive the grace, the nourishment, and the strength to show our reverence for God in all words and actions.


Fourth Commandment

"Honor your father and mother."


God calls our attention to the whole family with this commandment. Our family is the most important essential community to which we belong to. The first place of prayer is within our family. Our family is the heart of every other communities.
Parents have a great duty and job to provide, as much as possible, for the physical and spiritual needs of their children. Catholic parents teach their children that the first calling of a Catholic is to follow Christ.
Obedience includes the respectful listening and trusting response to a person who has authority over us and who asks us to do something that is accordance with God's Law.
When we trust in our parents and in their guidance, we show the esteem in which we hold them. When we respect them, we are honoring them. We build a strong relationship with our families and strengthen the bonds that hold us together as a family.  

Light and Color

Three ways light interacts with matter:

When light hits any form of matter, it is able to interact with the matter in three different ways - the light can be be reflected, absorbed, or transmitted.


Reflection happens when light bounces off an object. Light that is reflected allows us to see things.
Absorption light can make objects warmer. Absorption is the transfer of light energy to matter.
Transmission is the passing of light through matter. Transmission of light happens all the time. All light that reaches our eyes is transmitted thorough air.


How is the colors of light determined?

We as humans see different wavelengths of light as different colors. The color that an object appears  to be is determined by the wavelengths of light that travels and reaches our eyes. Light reaches our eyes after it is reflected off an objector after being transmitted through an object. When our eyes receive this light, they send signals to our brains. Our brains then interprets the signals as colors.



Color Addition

When the colors of light combine and mix together, you see many and different colors. Combining colors of light is known as color addition. When two primary colors are combined, we see a secondary color of light. The secondary colors of light are cyan (blue plus green), magenta (blue plus red), and yellow (red plus green).

Color Subtraction

When you combine pigments, more colors of light are absorbed or taken away. Mixing pigments is called color subtraction. The primary pigments are yellow, cyan, and magenta. They are able to be combined to produce other colors.  

The 1st and 2nd Commandments

The first commandment is " I am the Lord your God: you shall not have strange gods before me."



In relation to our Catholic faith, this first commandment is taken very seriously. We are to believe that God is our God alone. No other god or gods exsits. The First Commandment is a reminder to focus on the great power and majesty of our Creator God.
As Catholics, we believe that God created us and only Him. In respect towards Him, we are to only love and have faith in one God, our God.



The first and second commandment are two of the most impostant commandements thaat God gave to Moses and us. The second commandment is "You shall not take the Lord's name in vain." Both of these commandments are in respect to God. He's name is sacred. We are not to use the Lord's name in ways that are meaningless and useless. In the first commandment, we are to only have faith in a way in one God, which is Him. Both the first and second commandment are essential in living a life with God. These commandments help us become better people and followers of Christ.  

Interactions of Light Waves

Refraction

The bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one substance, or material, to another is called refraction. Refraction of lught waves occurs becuase the speed of light differs depending on the material through which the waves travel through. Light travels slowly through matter. When a wave enters a new material at an angle, the part of the wave that enters first begins traveling at a different speed from that of the rest of the wave.

When light passes into a material where the speed of light is slower, the light bends away from the boundary between the materials.

When light passes into a material where the speed of light is faster, the light bends toward the boundary.

A prism is a piece of glass that separates white light into the colors of visible by refraction. 

If light passes through a prism it will be refracted twice - once when it enters and another when it exits.

The Law of Reflection

The Law of Reflection 

The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. Incidence is the arrival of a beam of light at a surface. 

Reflection

Reflection occurs when light waves bounce off an object. One thing that reflects all around us is light. When you look in a mirror, you see light that has been reflected twice; it reflected from you first, then the mirror.

The Types of Reflection

• Regular Reflection

Regular reflection is when light reflects off a smooth surface, for instance a mirror's surface is smooth.When light beams off all points of the mirror at the same angle, regular reflection occurs.

When light beams are reflected at the same angle, this type of reflection occurs. When our eyes see the reflected beams, we are able to see a reflection on the surface.

• Diffuse Reflection

Diffuse reflection can occur when light is reflected off a slightly rough surface. A wall's surface is a little rough. When light beams will hit the wall's surface, it will reflect at many different angle. That's when diffuse reflection occurs. 

When light beams reflect at many different angles this type of reflection occurs.our eyes do not detect a reflection because not all of the reflected light is directed toward our eyes.

How we use reflection in our daily lives?

Reflection of light is either specular (mirror-like) or diffuse (retaining the energy, but losing the image) depending on the nature of the interface. In specular reflection the phase of the reflected waves depends on the choice of the origin of coordinates, but the relative phase between s and p polarizations is fixed by the properties of the media and of the interface between them.

Ryann Cornelius

The Role of the Dogmatic Constitution in the Church

The First Vatican Council produced many documents that had all different levels of teachings. The dogmatic constitution is to be given a greater  acceptance in faith than a document.




My reflections on: GOD, THE CREATOR OF ALL THINGS
God is our creator. One in the Holy Trinity. We as Catholics believe there is one, holy Lord, creator of all things. He has power, not for his happiness, but for ours. He bestows on us blessings. He will provide.



"God protects and governs by His Providence all things which He has made, "reaching from end to end mightily and ordering all things sweetly" (Wisdom 8:1). For "all things are bare and open to His eyes" (Heb. 4:13), even those which are yet to be, by the free action of creatures."

Reflection on: REVELATION
God, the beginning and end of all things, may be certainly known by the natural light of human reasons. God is telling us our revelation and the revelation of the Church itself.



Reflection on: FAITH
We are to have faith in God. God is our light in this world and in every world. We must believe and trust in Him, for he is our creator. We should not believe in Him because we "have" to, but because we really do have faith in Him and because we love Him.



Reflection on: FAITH AND REASON

Faith and reason are always together. Without faith, reason is only a scientific explanation on things and thats how it is viewed. But with faith, you are able to believe in that reason. Without reason, there is nothing to have faith or belief in.

 

The Types of Electromagnetic Waves

How do electromagnetic waves differ from each other?

EM waves that have different wavelengths can travel at the same speed, but their frequencies must also be different.




Radio waves and Microwaves

• Radio Waves

These waves cover a wide section of waves in the electromagnetic waves (EM) spectrum. Radio waves at most times have the longest wavelengths and the lowest frequencies of all types of EM waves. Any wavelength of an EM wave that is longer than 30 cm is considered a radio wave. 

Radio waves are used foe broadcasting radio signals. Radio stations compute sound information into radio waves by differing the waves' amplitude or their frequencies.Changing amplitude or frequencies is called modulation.

There are AM and FM radio stations. AM stands for "amplitude modulation" and FM is "frequency modulation".

Television signals are also carried by radio waves.

• Microwaves

Microwaves have shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than radio waves do. You know when a wave is a microwave because their wavelength are between 1 mm and 30 cm. Microwaves are used to send information over long distances.
Microwaves are also used in radar. Radar (radio detection and ranging) is used to detect and see the speed and location of objects.




Infrared Waves

• Infrared Waves

Infrared waves have shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than microwaves. The wave lengths of these waves differ between 700 nanometers (nm; is equal to 0.000000001 m) and 1 mm.
The sun is one source of infrared waves. Our skin absorbs these waves when they strike our body (from the sun). The energy from these waves causes particles in our skin to vibrate more, which cause our temperature to rise.
The amount of infrared waves an object repels and gives off depends on the object's temperature. Warmer objects give off more infrared waves. While cooler objects give off less.
Infrared waves are not visible to us. But some devises detect these waves.



Visible Light and Ultraviolet Light

• Visible Light

Visible light is the very narrow range of wavelengths and frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum that us, humans, can see. Visible light waves have longer wavelengths and higher frequencies than infrared waves do. There wavelengths of these waves are between 400 nm and 700 nm.
Energy from the sun that reaches earth can be visible light. This visible light from the sun is white light. White light is visible light of all wavelengths added together.

• Ultraviolet Light

Ultraviolet light (UV light) is another type of electromagnetic wave produced by the sun. These waves have shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than visible light does. The wavelengths of ultraviolet light waves differ between 60 nm and 400 nm. This light affects our bodies in both good and bad ways.
Some bad effects include sunburns. These types of waves can cause skin cancer, wrinkles, and damage to the eyes.
Some good effects include the killing of bacteria on food and surgical tools. Skin cells produce vitamin D when the skin is exposed to this light.


X rays and Gamma Rays

• X rays

X rays have wavelengths between 0.001 nm and 60 nm. They are able to pass through many materials. Though X rays are helpful, to much exposure to these waves can damage or even kill living cells.

• Gamma Rays

Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves that have wavelengths shorter than 0.1 nm. They are able to make a hole in most materials very easily. These rays are also used to kill harmful bacteria in foods, like meat and fresh fruits. They do not harm the food or stay in it.

Ryann Cornelius